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Bending Reference

Conduit Bending Cheat Sheet

Every EMT hand-bender constant you use on the job, on one page. Offset multipliers, take-up and deduct, shrink per inch, saddle and kick math, and the NEC 360-degree rule. Print it, save the PDF, or download the image for your phone. Free, no login.

Quick answer: Offset multipliers are 5.76 (10°), 3.86 (15°), 2.61 (22.5°), 2.00 (30°), 1.41 (45°), 1.15 (60°). Multiply the offset height by the multiplier to get the distance between marks. EMT take-up (deduct) is 5" for 1/2", 6" for 3/4", 8" for 1", 11" for 1-1/4"; a 90° stub mark is stub height minus take-up. Shrink per inch runs 1/16" at 10° up to 1/2" at 60°. NEC 358.26 caps a run at 360° of total bends between pull points.

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EMT Hand Bender · Field Reference

Conduit Bending

The One-Page Cheat Sheet

intrysys.com
Free · No login
Bender marks
Tip / Rim90° stubs
Arrowoffsets & saddles
Star / Teardropback-to-back 90s

Offset Multipliers

× height = travel
Offset multiplier and shrink per inch by bend angle
AngleMultShrink/in
10°5.761/16"
15°3.861/8"
22.5°2.613/16"
★ 30°2.001/4"
45°1.413/8"
60°1.151/2"
travelh

Multiplier & shrink/in are the same for every conduit size. Shrink shown is the standard rounded field value; exact = height × tan(½ angle), a hair more at steep angles.

90° Stub · Take-Up

EMT
EMT hand bender take-up (deduct) by conduit size
SizeTake-up / Deduct
1/2"5"
3/4"6"
1"8"
1¼"11"
markstubtip

Mark = stub − take-up, measured to the back of the bend (not the floor). Deduct = take-up. Gain (back-to-back 90s only): 1/2"=1.72" · 3/4"=1.93" · 1"=2.47" · 1¼"=3.11".

Core Formulas

Offset travel
height × multiplier
Offset shrink
height × shrink/in
90° stub mark
stub − take-up
Back-to-back 90
1st stub + gap − gain (from end, star mark)
Kick travel
kick ht × multiplier

3-Point Saddle

over obstruction
Three point saddle center and outer angles with center-to-outer multiplier
CenterOutersMult
45°22.5°2.61
30°15°3.86
60°30°2.00

Center-to-outer = depth × mult. Bend center first, then outers each way. A 45° saddle shrinks the center ~3/16"/in of depth, so recenter after.

Read this

The offset multiplier is the same for every conduit size. It is pure trig on the angle, not the pipe. Only take-up, deduct & gain change with size.

Verify

Deducts here are the industry-standard EMT values (Ideal / Klein / Greenlee). They can vary slightly by model, so always trust the figure stamped on your own bender, or pull one test bend.

360°Max total bends between pull points. Every offset, saddle, 90 & kick counts.NEC 358.26 (EMT)
Sources: NEC §358.26 · NEC Ch.9 Table 2 radii · standard EMT hand-bender constantsintrysys.com · interactive calculator + SVG diagrams

Go deeper on any bend

The sheet is the quick reference. Each page below has the full chart, a live calculator, and worked examples for that bend.

Offset Multiplier Chart

Full multiplier and shrink tables for 10 to 60 degrees, with travel tables and the formula for any angle.

90° Deduction Chart

Take-up, deduct, radius, and gain for 1/2" through 1-1/4" EMT, explained.

Conduit Shrink Calculator

Shrink per inch of offset and kick by angle, and why pipe size does not change it.

Saddle Bend Calculator

3-point and 4-point saddle marks, spacing multipliers, and center shrink.

Kick 90 Calculator

Kick marks, travel, and shrink per inch of kick for stub-and-kick combos.

Conduit Bending Calculator

All 7 bend types with interactive SVG diagrams and verified bender profiles.